Mu ihame rya kijyambere ryo gukora ibyuma bitobora ibyuma, dushobora guhimba ibyuma byangiza binyuze mu byuma bikozwe mu byuma ndetse n’ibyuma byahimbwe, bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora imashini muri iki gihe.Mubyukuri, ihame ryibyuma byangiza ni ukubona grafite ifite ishusho imwe nu mupira binyuze mu nzira ya spheroidisation, itezimbere neza imikorere yicyuma, cyane cyane plastike nubukomere, bikavamo ubuziranenge burenze ibyuma bya karubone.Ariko, kugirango ugabanye ibiciro, ibifuniko byibyuma bya manhole muri rusange bihimbwa hakoreshejwe ibyuma nibyuma.
Icyuma cyangiza ni ibintu byoroshye.Ubwa mbere, icyuma gikozwe bisobanura karubone irenze 2,1% (hamwe na karubone ya 3,50-3.90% hamwe nuburyo bwa metallografiya ya ferrite + pearlite).Niba karubone iri hejuru, ubukana bwayo rwose buzaba hejuru.Icya kabiri, spheroidizing fer ductile bivuze ko ubunini bwibice byicyuma bugabanuka, ibyo bikazamura imbaraga nubukomezi bwibintu.Muri rusange rero, ubukana bwicyuma cyumubyimba ni hejuru cyane (rwose biruta ibyuma bisanzwe).
Ubwa mbere, ibinyabiziga biremereye bisanzwe bikoreshwa mumihanda, bityo hatoranijwe ibifuniko byicyuma cya manhole muri rusange, bifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara toni zigera kuri 40;Ibifuniko bimwe bya compte birashobora kandi kugera kubushobozi bwo gutwara toni zigera kuri 25, bikaba bihendutse ugereranije nicyuma cyangiza.Nyamara, ibyuma bitobora ibyuma bya manhole bifite umutekano ugereranije.
Icya kabiri, ugereranije nibifuniko bya manhole, ibifuniko byibyuma bya ductile birashobora kwibasirwa nabajura.Ibifuniko by'ibyuma bitwara imyanda ntibifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara imitwaro gusa, ahubwo binibanda ku gishushanyo cya buri kantu kose k'ibipfukisho by'icyuma cyangiza, cyane cyane mu bijyanye no kurwanya ubujura, guhatira abajura kugeza aho badafite uburyo bwo gutangira kandi nta muntu ushobora kwiba.Abantu bamwe barashobora guhangayikishwa nuko ibyuma bya manhole bipfunyika bishobora gutera urusaku rwinshi mugihe utwaye imodoka, ibyo bikaba bitari ngombwa kuko tumaze gusuzuma iki kibazo mubishushanyo byacu.Buri gipfukisho cya manhole cyakorewe uburyo bwo kugabanya urusaku mbere yo kuva mu ruganda, bitandukanya burundu ikibazo cy’umwanda w’urusaku rw’ibiti bitwikiriye ibyuma.
Ubwanyuma, ubushobozi bwo kwikorera imitwaro yububiko bwa manhole ni ntoya cyane kurenza iy'ibyuma bitobora.Ahantu nkumukandara wicyatsi ninzira nyabagendwa bidasaba igitutu gikomeye, ikiguzi cyo gukoresha ibifuniko bya manhole biri hasi cyane ugereranije no gukoresha ibyuma bitobora ibyuma.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-10-2023
